Registry l� tr�i tim c?a Windows. M?t co s? d? li?u luu tr? nh?ng th�ng s? thi?t l?p c?a h? di?u h�nh nhu c?u h�nh h? th?ng, c?u h�nh ph?n c?ng, c�c lo?i van b?n hay thi?t l?p c?a c�c chuong tr�nh d� c�i d?t� Ki?m so�t du?c n?i dung c?a Registry l� y�u c?u t?t y?u d? ta s? d?ng PC m?t c�ch khoa h?c, hi?u s�u hon v? m�i tru?ng l�m vi?c c?a Windows.
Registry kh�ng c?n nhi?u ki?n th?c d? hi?u nhung l?i dem l?i cho ta nhi?u kinh nghi?m b? �ch khi x�m nh?p v� ki?m so�t n�. �?ng th?i, hi?u bi?t v? Registry cung gi�p cho ch�ng ta ti?n xa hon trong k? thu?t l?p tr�nh tr�n n?n Windows, t�m t�i c�c c�ch b?o m?t, cracking, hay hacking.
R?t nhi?u th? thu?t Registry gi�p ta t?o m?t Windows mang t�nh d?c trung ri�ng m� c�c ti?n �ch c� s?n c?a Windows k�m theo kh�ng l�m du?c, ta s? c� th? kh�m ph� nh?ng ch?c nang ti?m ?n b�n trong c?a Windows. Du?i d�y l� m?t s? th? thu?t v?i Registry trong Windows:
1. Sao luu Registry
C�ng vi?c d?u ti�n l� ph?i sao luu registry d? ta kh�ng ph?i t?n nhi?u th?i gian thi?t l?p l?i h? th?ng theo � mu?n sau khi c�i m?i Windows.
Trong Windows XP, ngu?i d�ng kh�ng th? sao luu registry trong khi h? di?u h�nh dang ho?t d?ng. Nh?ng t?p tin registry d� b? kho� v� ngu?i d�ng kh�ng th? truy xu?t d?n ch�ng. M?t c�ch th?c d? sao luu registry l� s? d?ng ch?c nang System Restore du?c k?t h?p s?n trong Windows XP ho?c d�ng ph?n m?m t? c�c h�ng th? ba.
Ngo�i ra, ta c� th? d�ng c�ch th?c v�o registry b?ng c�ch g� �regedit� trong h?p tho?i Start � Run v� xu?t (export) t?ng ph?n hay to�n b? registry trong khi Windows XP dang ho?t d?ng, (luu � l� n�n ch?n All trong c?a s? Export n?u kh�ng file .reg ch? luu gi? th�ng tin c?a kho� m� con tr? dang ? d� m� th�i) v� luu v�o noi an to�n.
N?u c� b?t k? l?i registry n�o xu?t hi?n khi s? d?ng, b?n c� th? d�ng t?p tin registry d� export d? kh�i ph?c l?i t?ng ph?n hay to�n b? registry. T?p tin sao luu t? registry cung nhu m?t t?p tin van b?n b�nh thu?ng, c� d?nh d?ng .reg, khi c?n kh�i ph?c th� ch? c?n double click v�o t?p tin l� ho�n t?t.
2. C?p nh?t l?i Registry
Sau khi ti?n h�nh c�c thay d?i, ta n�n c?p nh?t l?i Registry d? th?y du?c c�c thay d?i.
Trong c�c c�ng c? c?a Windows khi nh?n �Apply� th� Registry s? c?p nh?t l?i ngay t?c kh?c, ta th?y du?c nh?ng thay d?i c?a m�nh c� hi?u qu? t?c th�. Nhung d?i v?i nh?ng thay d?i tr?c ti?p trong Registry Editor th� Registry kh�ng th? c?p nh?t l?i t?c th� du?c. Ch�ng ta ph?i Restart ho?c Log Off l?i m�y d? th?y du?c hi?u qu? c?a s? thay d?i. Log Off v� Restart d�i khi m?t th?i gian. Th? thu?t n�y gi�p ta c?p nh?t l?i Registry m?t c�ch nhanh nh?t:
M? Task Manager (nh?n ph?i chu?t tr�n TaskBar r?i ch?n Task Manager, ho?c ?n t? h?p ph�m Ctrl+Alt+Del, ho?c ?n t? h?p ph�m Ctrl+Shift+Esc), di chuy?n qua Tab Processes, ch?n Explorer.exe, nh?n ph�m Del ho?c ch?n End Processes. Khi d�, n?u c?a s? Shutdown xu?t hi?n th� nh?n Cancel. Ti?p d?n di chuy?n qua Tab Applications v� nh?n v�o New Task� g� explorer v� OK.
3. Ch?nh s?a Registry
+ T?o m?c ph?c h?i Registry:
T?o m?c ph?c h?i Registry: Start � All Programs � Accessories � System Tools � System Restore � Create restore point, d?t t�n th?i di?m v� nh?n OK. Khi c?n ph?c h?i, ch?ng h?n do so xu?t sau khi ch?nh s?a m�y v� g?p v?n d? (nhu treo m�y), ta l?i v�o �System Restore � t�n l?ch v�o t�n th?i di?m r?i ch?n Next� ch? l� xong.
+ Th? thu?t v?i Registry:
* Bu?c Windows XP luu d? li?u v�o b? nh? ch�nh:
N?u b? nh? Ram tr�n 256 MB th� n�n bu?c m�y t�nh d�ng h?t b? nh? n�y r?i h�y d�ng d?n b? nh? ?o (l?y t? dia c?ng). HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\ System\ ControlSet001\ Control\ SessionManager\ Memory management. K�ch chu?t v�o t�n cu?i c�ng c?a du?ng d?n n�y d? m? n?i dung b�n trong c?a n� sang c?a s? b�n ph?i. Chuy?n chu?t v�o b�n ph?i, nh?p ph?i | Ch?n v�o New | Ch?n DWORD Value | �?t t�n l� DisablePagingExecutive v� g� Enter. Nh?p ph?i chu?t v�o t�n v?a d?t | Ch?n Modify | G� s? 1 v� nh?p OK.
* Bu?c Windows XP g? b? c�c DLL ngay sau khi d�ng chuong tr�nh d? tr�nh l�ng ph�:
V�o HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\ Software\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Explorer. Chuy?n chu?t v�o khung b�n ph?i, nh?p ph?i, ch?n New-DWORD Value, d?t t�n l� AlwaysUnloadDLL v� g� Enter. Nh?p ph?i chu?t v�o t�n v?a d?t, Modify, g� s? 1 v� nh?p OK.
* �ang k� Windows m� kh�ng c?n ph?i dang k� th�ng qua Microsoft:
V�o HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\ SOFTWARE\ Microsoft\ WindowsNT\ CurrentVersion. Chuy?n chu?t v�o khung b�n ph?i, nh?p ph?i chu?t v�o RegDone, Modify v� g� 1, nh?p OK.
* Tang t?c d? shutdown cho Windows XP:
V�o HKEY_CURENT_USER\ Control Panel\ Desktop. Chuy?n chu?t v�o b�n khung ph?i, nh?p ph?i l�n t?ng key sau, ch?n l?nh Modify tr�n menu, r?i g� gi� tr? m?i v� nh?p OK.
AutoEndTasks=1,MenuShowDelay=0, WaitToKillAppTimeout=4000.
V?n trong khung b�n ph?i d�, nh?p ph?i, ch?n New-String Value, g� t�n: WaitToKillServiceTimeout v� Enter, nh?p ph?i v�o n�, ch?n Modify v� g� 4000, nh?p OK.
V�o HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\ SYSTEM\ CurrentControlSet\ Control. Chuy?n chu?t v�o khung b�n ph?i, nh?p ph?i l�n WaitToKillServiceTimeout, l?nh Modify v� g� 4000 cho kh?p v?i tr�n kia, nh?p OK.
* T? d?ng d�ng c�c chuong tr�nh b? �treo�:
V�o HKEY_USER\DEFAULT\Control Panel\Desktop. Chuy?n chu?t v�o khung b�n ph?i, nh?p ph?i v�o AutoEndTask, ch?n Modify v� g� 1, OK.
Th?i gian m?c d?nh d? Windows t? d?ng d�ng chuong tr�nh g�y l?i c?a gi� tr? WaitToKillAppTimeout l� 20 gi�y, g� l?i l� 0 d? Windows t? d?ng k?t th�c chuong tr�nh ngay m� kh�ng c?n b�o �End Program� n?a.
* Tang t?c b? sung cho Window XP:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\MICROSOFT\Windows\Curr entVersion\Explorer\RemoteComputer\Name Space. Nh?p v�o nh�nh {D6277990-4C6A-11CF-8D87-00AA0060F5BF}, nh?p Edit tr�n Menu, delete v� OK.
* Thanh Start hi?n nhanh hon:
V�o HKEY_CURRENT_USER \Control Panel \Desktop. Chuy?n chu?t v�o khung b�n ph?i, nh?p ph?i v�o MenuShowDelay, ch?n Modify v� g� 0, OK.
* Gi?m th?i gian ch? d?i:
V�o HKEY_CURRENT_USER \Control Panel \Desktop. Nh?p gi� tr? 200 cho HungAppTimeout, WaitToKillAppTimeOut.
Click New - String Value: nh?n F2 d? d?t t�n cho kho� n�y l� WaitToKillServicesOut, nh?n d�p nh?p gi� tr? 200.
* Gi?m th?i gian t?t m�y (�t nh?t l� g?p d�i):
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Contro l. Nh?p gi� tr? m?i l� 200 cho HungAppTimeout (n?u chua c� ph?i t?o m?i).
* Hi?n h?p tho?i th�ng b�o khi log on:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\ SOFTWARE\ Microsoft\ Windows NT\ CurrentVersion\ Winlogon. T?o hai String value m?i (n?u chua c�) v?i t�n l�: LegalNoticeCaption v� LegalNoticeText. Nh?p d? li?u cho LegalNoticeCaption l� ti�u d? h?p tho?i th�ng b�o, c�n LegalNoticeText l� n?i dung h?p tho?i th�ng b�o.
* V� hi?u thao t�c click Properties tr�n My Computer:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\ Software\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Policies\ Explorer. T?o DWORD Value v?i t�n l� NoPropertiesMyComputer (n?u chua c�), d?t gi� tr? 1 n?u mu?n v� hi?u menu Properties, d?t gi� tr? 0 n?u ngu?c l?i.
* Folder Options trong Explorer:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\ Software\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Policies\ Explorer. T?o DWORD Value v?i t�n l� NoFolderOptions (n?u chua c�), d?t gi� tr? 1 n?u mu?n ?n menu Folder Options, d?t gi� tr? 0 n?u ngu?c l?i.
* ?n m?t ho?c nhi?u ? dia trong c?a s? Explorer:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\ Software\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Policies\Explorer. T?o m?i DWORD Value v?i t�n NoDrives (n?u chua c�). Ch� � r?ng c� s? tuong ?ng gi?a t�n ? dia v� c�c con s? nhu sau: A:1, B: 2, C: 4, D: 8, E: 16, E: 32, F: 64, G: 128, H: 256, I: 512, J: 1024, K: 2048, L: 4096, M: 8192, N: 16384, O: 32768, P: 65536, Q: 131072, R: 262144, S: 524288, T: 1048576, U: 2097152, V: 4194304, X: 8388608, Y: 16777216, Z: 33554432. All: 67108863.
Mu?n ?n 1 ? dia th� d?t gi� tr? cho NoDrives tuong ?ng v?i s? d?c trung cho ? dia.
V� d? n?u mu?n ?n ? C th� d?t gi� tr? 4 cho NoDrives.
Mu?n ?n nhi?u ? dia th� d?t gi� tr? cho NoDrives tuong ?ng v?i t?ng c�c s? d?c trung c?a c�c ? dia d�. V� d? mu?n ?n ? C v� D th� d?t gi� tr? 12 (=4+8) cho NoDrives.
* Uninstall b?ng Registry:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\ Software\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Uninstall. Mu?n uninstall ?ng d?ng n�o b?n ch? vi?c x�a ?ng d?ng d� trong nh�nh Uninstall kh?i Registry.
* �?nh d?ng th�ng b�o gi? tr�n Taskbar:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\ Control Panel\ International. S?a l?i d? li?u nhu sau:
sTimeFormat l� : Now hh:mm:ss tt
s1159 l� : s�ng
s2359 l�: chi?u
(Theo quantrimang)
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